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Augusta (Mary Anne) Holmès (18 December 1847 – 28 January 1903) was a French composer of Irish descent (her father was from Youghal, Co. Cork). At first she published under the pseudonym Hermann Zenta. In 1871, Holmès became a French citizen and added the accent to her last name.〔Augusta Holmès: A Meteoric Career Rollo Myers The Musical Quarterly, Vol. 53, No. 3 (Jul., 1967), page 365. "Her surname was Gallicized by the addition of a grave accent on its last syllable."〕 She herself wrote the lyrics to almost all her songs and oratorios, as well as the libretto of the opera ''La Montagne Noire''. ==Biography== Holmès was born in Paris.〔 Despite showing talent at the piano, she was not allowed to study at the Paris Conservatoire, but took lessons privately. She developed her piano playing under the tutelage of local pianist Mademoiselle Peyronnet, Versailles' cathedral organist Henri Lambert, and Hyacinthe Klosé. Also, she showed some of her earlier compositions to Franz Liszt. Around 1876, she became a pupil of César Franck, whom she considered her real master.〔 (She led the group of Franck's students who in 1891 commissioned for Franck's tomb a bronze medallion from Auguste Rodin.〔Daniele Gutmann, "Rodin et la Musique", in: ''Revue Internationale de Musique Française,'' February 1982, p. 105.〕) Camille Saint-Saëns wrote of Holmès in the journal ''Harmonie et Mélodie'': "Like children, women have no idea of obstacles, and their willpower breaks all barriers. Mademoiselle Holmès is a woman, an extremist." Holmès never married, but she cohabited with the poet Catulle Mendès; the couple had five children. For the 1889 celebration of the centennial of the French Revolution, Holmès was commissioned to write the ''Ode triomphale'' for the Exposition Universelle, a work requiring about 1,200 musicians. She gained a reputation of being a composer of programme music with political meaning, such as her symphonic poems ''Irlande'' and ''Pologne''. Holmès bequeathed most of her musical manuscripts to the Paris Conservatoire. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Augusta Holmès」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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